Which personal protective equipment is essential when responding to a biological threat?

In the context of responding to a biological threat, the use of gloves and masks is critical for ensuring the safety and protection of the responder. Gloves act as a barrier between the skin and potentially infectious materials, preventing contamination and transmission of pathogens. Masks, particularly those that are rated for biological hazards, help filter out harmful particles and prevent inhalation of airborne pathogens. Together, they form a basic yet essential level of protection when dealing with biological hazards, where exposure can lead to serious health risks.

Other options may provide some level of protection but do not address the specific needs associated with biological threats as effectively. For example, goggles and helmets are advantageous for physical protection but may not prevent exposure to biological agents. Similarly, boots and overalls can provide a layer of protection from contamination but would not suffice in scenarios where airborne pathogens are a serious concern. Face shields and ear protection may have their own protective roles, but they do not replace the critical need for respiratory protection and barrier gloves in situations involving biological risks. Thus, gloves and masks are the most essential PPE for this specific type of hazard.